Dissertation: Symptoms of Malaria  

Malaria is a common but sometimes fatal disease that is caused by the four species of mosquitoes known as the “Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovule and the Plasmodium malaria” and all of the above four species come under the parasite Plasmodium genus. It has, however, to be noted that due to the similarity of symptoms between malaria and acute flu, malaria is quite often wrongly misdiagnosed as an acute form of flu. On an average, every year approximately 2.7 million people die from malaria and 300-500 million new malarial cases are reported from all around the world.

Due to the close resemblance of the malarial symptoms with the flu, proper and on time diagnosis of malaria sometimes proves to be difficult but it is necessarily very important to detect malaria-infected individuals as early as possible. There are various tests that can be carried out to diagnose malaria, however, the preferred method is through the Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood smears taken for laboratory testing by microbiologists.  The Giemsa method of testing is more convenient and is a cheaper way for diagnosing malaria while Chloroquine continues to remain as the most effective and commonly used the drug of choice for the treatment of malarial infection. However, currently there are many other treatments for Malaria

Patients with P.falciprum strains that are resistant to Chloroquine are therefore recommended to use other anti-malarial drugs that are in combination with Chloroquine for the treatment of malaria. While the infection caused by P. falciparum is the most fatal of all the four species of Plasmodium, P. vivax and P. ovule have the ability to remain for many months in the livers of their carriers where they remain in a dormant stage.  P. vivax and P. ovule eventually begin regenerate and thereafter the symptoms of malaria become more evident, long after time their carriers were exposed to these particular parasites.

Relapses of malaria are also specifically more commonly associated by these two specific stains of malaria amongst patients suffering from malaria. Malaria is transmitted to human beings through the sting bites of the female Anopheles mosquito. These Anopheleses female mosquitoes usually sting bite their victims during the sun rise and sun set time periods. Furthermore, malarial parasites can also be transmitted through the transfusion of infected blood or by the use of shared injection needles. Besides these two ways of transmission, malaria can also be passed on by pregnant women to their unborn children.

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